Karigar Metal Issue Book

There is no single figure — the loss follows the process, not the man. Machine-made chain gives up least, casting returns most of the tree and sprue to you, and hand-made filigree or cutwork loses most, because metal really does go into the filings and the polishing wheel. Fix the allowed loss per job before the metal leaves the counter, and ask for the burada back — it is your gold.

Fine gold. Solder is lower-karat metal, so a heavily soldered piece can come back heavier on the scale while carrying less pure gold than you issued. Work both sides the same way: issued grams × issue tunch, returned grams × the tunch the finished piece tests at. 22K is 916, that is 91.6% pure — the same figure a BIS hallmark stamps as 22K916. Settle the difference in fine grams, then price it.

Yes — metal going out for job work moves on a delivery challan, not an invoice, because nothing is being sold. The challan should carry the description, quantity, purity and value, and inputs are meant to come back inside a year. The karigar bills his labour only, as a service under 9988 at 5%. Keep that challan number against the issue entry and the two sides tie up when anyone checks.